Practice on Rewriting Church Romanized Writing of Bible, Hymn & Colloquial Sentence into Modern Literal Taiwanese
                                           to Mandarin Edition        to EDUTECH-T
Principle of Making a TMSS Word:
  A.  Pronunciation of every syllable follows that in Campbell:
"Dictionary of Amoy Vernacular"
    B.  Preceding syllables in multisyllable words follow the following "Normalized Tone Change":
(Tone-1) --> (Tone-7)
(Tone-2) --> (Tone-1)
(Tone-3) --> (Tone-2)
(Tone-4) --> (Tone-8)
(Tone-5) -->  (Tone 7)
(Tone-8) --> (Tone-4)		 -hoafn --> hoan~
-hoarn --> hoafn~
-hoaxn --> hoarn~
-hoad   --> hoat~
-hoaan --> hoan~
-hoat    --> hoad~
  (1)   Every Pronunciation of word in Bible, Hymn & Textbook satisfies Principle A above.    Teachers, therefore, require only to consider Principle B.
  (3)   After the application of the Tone Change Rule, rewrite the phonetics of each syllable into the phoneme of that vowel for TMSS.    Finally correct the words in accordance to the word-specification of MLT.
original tone # Tone # after the change Phonemes in TMSS.
1 7   a,  e,  i,  o,  o,  u, ai,  au,  ia,  iau,  iu,  oa,  oai,  oe, am,  in,  eng,  ong,  oan,  ien 
2 1   af,ef, y, of, of. w, ay, aw, iaf,iaw,iw, oaf,oay, oef, afm, yn, efng, ofng, oafn, iefn 
3 2   ar,ea,ie,or,or,uo, ae, ao, iar, iao, iuo,oar,oae,oea, arm, irn,erng,orng,oarn, iern 
4 8   ah,eh,ih,oh,oh,uh, aih,auh,iah,iauh,iuh,oah,oaih,oeh, ap,  it,  ek,  ok,  oat,  iet
5 7   a,  e,  i,  o,  o,  u, ai,  au, ia,  iau,  iu,  oa,  oai, oe,   am,  in,  eng,  ong,  oan,  ien 
7 3   ax,ex, ix,ox,ox,ux, aix,aux,iax,iaux,iux,oax,oaix,oex,axm, ixn,exng,oxng,oaxn,iexn 
8 4   aq,eq,iq,oq,oq, uq, aiq,auq,iaq,iauq,iuq,oaq,oaiq,oeq, ab,  id,  eg, og, oad, ied
Example 1:  A Passage in Holy Bible
Step Bible: LÍ  beh  tï  Siöng-tè  kap  lãng ê  bïn-chêng, tit-tio'h . . . .
(1) Numeral tone  Li2  beh4  ti7  Siong7-te3  kap4  lang5 e6  bin7-cheng5, tit4-tioh8 
                 un1-tian2  kap4  ho2  mia5-siaN1. 
(2) Tone change  Li2  beh4  ti7  Siong3te3  kap4  lang5  e6  bin3cheng5,  tit8tioh8 
                 un7tian2  kap4  ho2  mia7siaN1. 
(3) In phonemes  Lie   beq    ti    Sioxngtex   kab   laang   ee   bixnzeeng.   tittioh 
                 untiern    kab    hor   miasviaf. 
(4) Last correctn  Lie   boeq   ti    Sioxngtex   kab   laang   ee   bixnzeeng.   tittioh 
                 untiern    kab    hor- miasviaf.      (O.K.)
Example 2: Hymn
Step Hymn: Sè-jîn hun-hun, chôe-ok  to-toan,  Lóng-chóng ....
(1) Numeral tone  Se3-jin5  hun1-hun1,   choe7-ok4   to1-toan1, 
               Long2-chong2  chha1-chhok4,  sit4   liau2   pun2-goan5. 
(2) Tone change  Se2jin5   hun7hun1,    choe3ok4    to7toan1, 
               Long1chong2   chha7chhok4,   sit4   liau2    pun1goan5. 
(3) In phonemes  Seajiin    hunhwn,      choexog     totoafn, 
               Lofngchorng     chhachhog,      sid     liao      pwngoaan. 
(4) Last correctn  Seajiin     hunhwn,     zoexog      totoafn, 
                Lofngzorng   zhazhog, sitliao    pwngoaan. (O.K.)
Example 3:  Conversation Piece
                                               (by Higuchi Yasusi: Taiwanese Conversation)Ü)
Step  Lîm Sian-sin,  kiú-kiàn,  kiú-kiàn.  Chin-phái-sè, hö.  lì choan- . . 
(1) Numeral tone  Lim5  Sian1-siN1,  kiu2-kian3,   kiu2-kian3. 
         Chin1 phaiN2-se3, ho.7  li2  choan1-kang1  lai5  chiap4 goa2.
(2) Tone change  Lim5  Sian7siN1,  kiu1kian3,   kiu1kian3. 
         Chin1  phaiN1se3, ho.7  li2  choan7kang1  lai5  chiap4  goa2.
(3) In phonemes  Liim  Siensvy,  kiwkiexn   kiwkiexn. 
         Chyn  phvaysex,  ho   lie   choankafng  laai   chiab  goar.
(4) Last correctn  Liim  Siensvy,  kiwkiexn   kiwkiexn. 
     Cyn-phvaysex,  ho  lie  zoankafng  laai  ciab  goar.  (O.K.)
Practice on Rewriting Church Romanized Writing of Bible, Hymn &
      - - - - - - - - - - - - -Colloquial Sentence into Modern Literal Taiwanese        = = = = = = =                                                               by Liim Keahioong   (2001/5/21) edited and on Internat